Composition
Inf 100 mg/200 mg: Per ml: Ciprofloxacin (as lac-tate) 2 mg; 50 ml/100 ml. Infusion 400 mg: Per ml: Ciprofloxacin (as lactate) 4 mg; 100 ml. Tab/Cap 100 mg/250 mg/500 mg/750 mg/1 gm: Ciprofloxacin 100 mg/250 mg/500 mg/750 mg/1 gm
Indications & Dosage
Respiratory-tract infections: ORAL: Adult: 500-750 mg twice daily for 7-14 days. BY IV INF: Adult: 400 mg every 8-12 hours, to be given over 60 minutes for 7-14 days. Pseudomonal lower respiratory-tract infection in cystic fibrosis: ORAL: Adult: 750 mg twice daily for 10-14 days. Children 5-17 yrs: 20 mg/kg twice daily for 10-14 days; max 750 mg/dose. Urinary-tract infections: ORAL: Adult: 250-750 mg twice daily for 7-14 days. BY IV INF: Adult: 400 mg every 8-12 hours, to be given over 60 minutes. Acute uncomplicated cystitis in women: ORAL: Adult: 250 mg twice daily for 3 days. Acute or chronic prostatitis: ORAL: Adult: 500 mg twice daily for 28 days. BY IV INF: Adult: 400 mg every 8-12 hours, to be given over 60 minutes. Fistulating Crohns disease: ORAL: Adult: 500 mg twice daily for 7-14 days. Gonorrhoea: ORAL: Adult: 500 mg for 1 dose. Other severe infections: ORAL: Adult: Initially 500 mg twice daily; increased to 750 mg twice daily, in severe infection, usually for 7-14 days. Children: 20 mg/kg twice daily; max 750 mg/dose. BY IV INF: Adult: 400 mg every 8-12 hours, to be given over60 minutes. Surgical prophylaxis: ORAL: Adult: 750 mg, to be taken 60 minutes before procedure. Anthrax (treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis): ORAL: Adult: 500 mg twice daily for 60 day Children: 10-15 mg/kg; max 500 mg/dose, twice daily for 60 day. BY IV INF: Adult: 400 mg every 12 hours, to be given over 60 minutes. Prevention of secondary case of meningococcal meningitis: ORAL: Adult& Children above 12 yrs: 500 mg for 1 dose. Children 1 month-4 yrs: 30 mg/kg (max. per dose 125 mg) for 1 dose; 5-11 yrs: 250 mg for 1 dose. Bone Infection: ORAL: Adult: 500 mg twice daily for 4-6 weeks, increase up to 750 mg twice daily in severe infection for 4-6 weeks. BY IV INF: Adult: 400 mg every 8-12 hours, to be given over60 minutes. Skin and soft-tissue Infection: ORAL: Adult: 500 mg twice daily for 1-2 weeks, increase up to 750 mg twice daily in severe infection for 1-2 weeks. BY IV INF: Adult: 400 mg every 8-12 hours, to be given over 60 minutes. Complicated UTI, Pyelonephritis: ORAL: Children 1-17 yr:10-20 mg/kg twice daily for 10-21 days; Max: 750 mg/day. BY IV INF: Children 1-17 yr: 6-10 mg/kg twice daily for 10-21 days. Max: 400 mg/dose.
Administration
IV: Administer by slow IV infusion over 60 min into a large vein to reduce the risk of venous irritation (burning, pain, erythema, and swelling); final concentration should not exceed 2 mg/ml. May be diluted with NS, D5W, SWFI, D1OW, D5V, NS, D51/2 NS, LR.
Compatibility
Stable in D5Y. NS, D5 NS, D5W, D1OW, LR, NS.
Stability
Vial; Store between 5C-30C. Premixed infusion; Store between 5C-30C. Protect from light. Avoid freezing.
Precautions
Avoid excessive alkalinity of urine and ensure adequate fluid intake (risk of crystalluria). Risk factor for QTinterval prolongation; caution advised in conditions such as: Acute myocardial infarction, bradycardia, congenital long QT syndrome, electrolytedisturbances, heartfailure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, history of symptomatic arrhythmias. Risk of arthropathy in children and adolescents; evaluate risk/benefit ratio before treatment initiation, history of tendon disorder, epilepsy, history to CNS disorder, renal impairment, myasthenia gravis and elderly. Avoid prolonged exposure to UV. Discontinue treatmentif psychiatric, neurological, or hypersensitivity reactions (including severe rash) occur.
Interactions
Phenytoin, cyclosporin, oral anticoagulants, NSAIDs, glibenclamide, tizanidine, ropinirole, other CYP1A2 substrates, opiates, probenecid, metoclopramide, corticosteroids, methotrexate, magnesium, aluminium, calcium or iron salts, sevelamer, sucralfate, duloxetine, clozapine, the-ophylline and other xanthine derivatives, drugs that inhibit peristalsis.
Pregnancy
Contraindicated
Lactation
Contraindicated
Side Effects
Diarrhoea, dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, anorexia, anxiety, arthralgia, asthenia, blood disorders, confusion, depression, disturbances in taste, hearing, smell and vision, dyspepsia, eosinophilia, hallucinations, leucopenia, myalgia, rash, sleep disturbances, thrombocytopenia, tremor. Rare: Antibiotic-associated colitis, convulsions, dyspnea, hepatic dysfunction, hepatitis, hypotension, interstitial nephritis, jaundice, photo sensitivity, psychoses, renal failure, symptoms of peripheral neuropathy, tendon damage and inflammation, vasculitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermalnecrolysis