TAZONEM
PIPERACILLIN AND TAZOBACTAM · by LADERLY
Composition
Inj 2.25 gm: Piperacillin (as sodium) 2 gm, tazo-bactam (as sodium) 250 mg; powder in vials. Inj 4.5 gm: Piperacillin (as sodium) 4 gm, tazobactam (as sodium) 500 mg; powder in vials.
Indications & Dosage
Pneumonia, Septicaemia, Complicated infections of urinary-tract, respiratory tract, abdominal, skin & soft-tissues: BY SLOWIV INJ OR IV INF: Adult: 4.5 g every 8 hours; increased if necessary to4.5 g every 6 hours, increased frequency may be used for severe infections. Infections in neutropenic patients: BY SLOW IV INJ OR IV INF: Adult: 4.5 g every 6 hourswith aminoglycosides. Children: 90 mg/kg 6 hourly with aminoglycosides; max 4.5 gm six hourly. Appendicitis: BY SLOWIV INJ OR IV INF: Adult: 4.5 g every 8 hours; increased if necessary to4.5 g every 6 hours. Children 2-12 yr: 112.5 mg/kg eight hourly; max 4.5 gm eight hourly.
Administration
IV: Administer by IV infusion over 30 min. Use single-dose vials immediately after reconstitution (discard unused portions after 24 hours at room temperature and 48 hours if refrigerated). Reconstitute with 5 ml of diluent per 1 gm of piperacillin and then further dilute. Compatible diluent include NS, SWFI, dextran 6%, D5W, D5W with potassium chloride 40 mEq, bacteriostatic saline and water.
Compatibility
Stable in dextran 6% in NS, D5W, NS, SWFI, bacteriostatic water. Incompatible with LR.
Stability
Store at controlled room temperature. After recon-stitution, solution is stable in NS or D5W for 24 hours at room temperature and 7 days when refrigerated.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to penicillins, cephalosporins or other beta-lactams.
Precautions
Renal or hepatic failure, patients with low K+ reserves.High doses may lead to hypernatraemia
Interactions
Probenecid, drugs affecting blood Coagulation and/or thrombocyte function, non-depolarising muscle re-laxants, methotrexate.
Pregnancy
Caution advised, avoid
Lactation
Caution advised
Side Effects
GI disturbances, nausea, vomiting, constipation, dyspepsia, headache, hypotension, injection-site reactions, insomnia, jaundice, stomatitis. Rare: eosinophilia, hepatitis, hypoglycaemia, hypokalaemia, pancytopenia, Steven-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, allergic re-actions